谷歌云SSH账号密码配置

前言

谷歌云创建云服务器后，不支持SSH账号密码登陆，需要在配置文件中修改几处地方，十分的麻烦，楼主写了一个脚本，直接执行即可解锁。

CentOS / Ubuntu / Debian

本文用于给 GCP 云服务器开启或关闭 SSH 密码登录。

适用系统：

• CentOS

• Ubuntu

• Debian

---

一、CentOS 开启 root 密码登录

echo root:你的密码 | sudo chpasswd
​
sudo sed -i 's/^#\?PermitRootLogin.*/PermitRootLogin yes/g' /etc/ssh/sshd_config
sudo sed -i 's/^#\?PasswordAuthentication.*/PasswordAuthentication yes/g' /etc/ssh/sshd_config
​
sudo systemctl restart sshd

示例：

echo root:Mg@2026_SSH_Login | sudo chpasswd
​
sudo sed -i 's/^#\?PermitRootLogin.*/PermitRootLogin yes/g' /etc/ssh/sshd_config
sudo sed -i 's/^#\?PasswordAuthentication.*/PasswordAuthentication yes/g' /etc/ssh/sshd_config
​
sudo systemctl restart sshd

命令作用：

• 设置 root 密码

• 允许 root 登录

• 开启 SSH 密码登录

• 重启 SSH 服务

---

二、CentOS 关闭 root 密码登录

sudo sed -i 's/^#\?PermitRootLogin.*/PermitRootLogin prohibit-password/g' /etc/ssh/sshd_config
sudo sed -i 's/^#\?PasswordAuthentication.*/PasswordAuthentication no/g' /etc/ssh/sshd_config
​
sudo systemctl restart sshd

命令作用：

• 禁止 root 密码登录

• 关闭 SSH 密码登录

• 重启 SSH 服务

---

三、Ubuntu / Debian 开启 root 密码登录

echo root:你的密码 | sudo chpasswd
​
sudo passwd -u root 2>/dev/null
​
sudo sed -i 's/^#\?PasswordAuthentication.*/PasswordAuthentication yes/g' /etc/ssh/sshd_config
sudo sed -i 's/^#\?PermitRootLogin.*/PermitRootLogin yes/g' /etc/ssh/sshd_config
sudo sed -i 's/^#\?KbdInteractiveAuthentication.*/KbdInteractiveAuthentication yes/g' /etc/ssh/sshd_config
sudo sed -i 's/^#\?UsePAM.*/UsePAM yes/g' /etc/ssh/sshd_config
​
if [ -d /etc/ssh/sshd_config.d ]; then
  sudo sed -i 's/^#\?PasswordAuthentication.*/PasswordAuthentication yes/g' /etc/ssh/sshd_config.d/*.conf 2>/dev/null
  sudo sed -i 's/^#\?PermitRootLogin.*/PermitRootLogin yes/g' /etc/ssh/sshd_config.d/*.conf 2>/dev/null
  sudo sed -i 's/^#\?KbdInteractiveAuthentication.*/KbdInteractiveAuthentication yes/g' /etc/ssh/sshd_config.d/*.conf 2>/dev/null
  sudo sed -i 's/^#\?ChallengeResponseAuthentication.*/ChallengeResponseAuthentication yes/g' /etc/ssh/sshd_config.d/*.conf 2>/dev/null
fi
​
sudo sshd -t && sudo systemctl restart ssh

示例：

echo root:Mg@2026_SSH_Login | sudo chpasswd
​
sudo passwd -u root 2>/dev/null
​
sudo sed -i 's/^#\?PasswordAuthentication.*/PasswordAuthentication yes/g' /etc/ssh/sshd_config
sudo sed -i 's/^#\?PermitRootLogin.*/PermitRootLogin yes/g' /etc/ssh/sshd_config
sudo sed -i 's/^#\?KbdInteractiveAuthentication.*/KbdInteractiveAuthentication yes/g' /etc/ssh/sshd_config
sudo sed -i 's/^#\?UsePAM.*/UsePAM yes/g' /etc/ssh/sshd_config
​
if [ -d /etc/ssh/sshd_config.d ]; then
  sudo sed -i 's/^#\?PasswordAuthentication.*/PasswordAuthentication yes/g' /etc/ssh/sshd_config.d/*.conf 2>/dev/null
  sudo sed -i 's/^#\?PermitRootLogin.*/PermitRootLogin yes/g' /etc/ssh/sshd_config.d/*.conf 2>/dev/null
  sudo sed -i 's/^#\?KbdInteractiveAuthentication.*/KbdInteractiveAuthentication yes/g' /etc/ssh/sshd_config.d/*.conf 2>/dev/null
  sudo sed -i 's/^#\?ChallengeResponseAuthentication.*/ChallengeResponseAuthentication yes/g' /etc/ssh/sshd_config.d/*.conf 2>/dev/null
fi
​
sudo sshd -t && sudo systemctl restart ssh

命令作用：

• 设置 root 密码

• 解锁 root 用户

• 允许 root 登录

• 开启 SSH 密码登录

• 处理 Ubuntu / Debian 额外 SSH 配置

• 检查配置并重启 SSH 服务

---

四、Ubuntu / Debian 关闭 root 密码登录

sudo sed -i 's/^#\?PasswordAuthentication.*/PasswordAuthentication no/g' /etc/ssh/sshd_config
sudo sed -i 's/^#\?PermitRootLogin.*/PermitRootLogin prohibit-password/g' /etc/ssh/sshd_config
sudo sed -i 's/^#\?KbdInteractiveAuthentication.*/KbdInteractiveAuthentication no/g' /etc/ssh/sshd_config
​
if [ -d /etc/ssh/sshd_config.d ]; then
  sudo sed -i 's/^#\?PasswordAuthentication.*/PasswordAuthentication no/g' /etc/ssh/sshd_config.d/*.conf 2>/dev/null
  sudo sed -i 's/^#\?PermitRootLogin.*/PermitRootLogin prohibit-password/g' /etc/ssh/sshd_config.d/*.conf 2>/dev/null
  sudo sed -i 's/^#\?KbdInteractiveAuthentication.*/KbdInteractiveAuthentication no/g' /etc/ssh/sshd_config.d/*.conf 2>/dev/null
  sudo sed -i 's/^#\?ChallengeResponseAuthentication.*/ChallengeResponseAuthentication no/g' /etc/ssh/sshd_config.d/*.conf 2>/dev/null
fi
​
sudo sshd -t && sudo systemctl restart ssh

命令作用：

• 关闭 SSH 密码登录

• 禁止 root 密码登录

• 处理 Ubuntu / Debian 额外 SSH 配置

• 检查配置并重启 SSH 服务

---

五、检查是否开启成功

sudo sshd -T | grep -i "passwordauthentication\|permitrootlogin"

开启成功一般显示：

passwordauthentication yes
permitrootlogin yes

关闭成功一般显示：

passwordauthentication no
permitrootlogin prohibit-password